Gender Struggle in a Thousand Splendid Suns Essay

â€Å"Women like us. We endure. It’s all we have.† Mariam, the child of a wealthy man and his house maid, lived by this quote all her life. The quote also applies to Laila, a woman who was raised in a modern household with education. An analysis of the hardships of women in Khaled Hosseinim’s, A Thousand Splendid Suns, would reveal that the injustices of society are coped with differently throughout several generations of women. Although Laila’s upbringing allowed her to be the stronger of the two women, both Mariam and Laila triumphed after enduring so much evil and cruelty. Their mothers on the other hand did not. Mariam’s mother, Nana, was at one point the house maid of a wealthy man named Jalil. She later on mothered his child, Mariam. Both Mariam and her mother had become outcastes and were sent to an isolated area as a consequence for the intolerable act. Mariam’s mother resents Jalil for it, and she also often complains about it to her daughter, ultimately trying to discourage Mariam from not trusting him. Ironically, Mariam’s mother did not openly express her resentment towards Jalil while he was around, nor did she ever attempt to change the situation. In using the inner strength that a woman contains Nana could have strived to make a better life for both she, and her child. Laila’s mother, Fariba, had a seemingly happy household, yet she often found herself immersed in overwhelming grief. When her sons Ahmad and Noor leave to fight in the jihad, and are later on killed in action Laila’s mother stays in bed mourning their loss. When the opportunity presents itself for the family to leave she wishes to stay in Afghanistan in order to see the freedom of the land that her sons died for. Fariba may have a more optimistic view in this sense. A look at the greater picture would reveal that she too lacks the effort to change the situation she is in, in similarity to Mariam’s mother. Fariba stayed in bed living in the past, letting everything take its course in hopes of justice, instead of solidifying her future by making a difference. Mariam and Laila are years apart by age, and come from two entirely different life styles, what brings these women together is one man, Rasheed. They are forced to marry this man through loss and heartache. Their marriages to Rasheed consist of emotional and physical abuse that is legally acceptable under fundamentalist Islamic governments such as the Mujahedeen and the Taliban. In addition to domestic violence, Laila and Mariam have to deal with senseless war, in which many of their closest loved ones lost their lives. Mariam and Laila endure because with their mentality it is simply the only choice they have. Neither of them would have been willing to just give up so they persevered and tried to make the best of the situations they faced. They both tried to have an optimistic view in a life that seemed to have little joy. Laila’s mother was never able to let go of the past and allow herself to move on from her son’s deaths. She was unable or unwilling to see her daughter and her husband as a way to make a happier future. Mariam’s mother became a bitter woman – perhaps many would say she had no choice, but we all have a choice in how we react and behave. She had decided to take her own life when Mariam because she felt she had nothing left to live for. These choices were something that Mariam and Laila would have never made, not because they were better than their mothers, but simply because they chose to never give up and never lose hope. In conclusion, Laila and Mariam overcame several accounts of injustice, evil, and extreme cruelty, unlike their mothers whom fell short upon effort. Despite their seemingly opposite upbringings both women far surpassed the efforts of their mothers. To endure is to continue or to last despite hardships, pain, and loss. Laila and Mariam clearly have endured through a series of injustices. It was their only choice. Bibliography Hosseini, Khaled. A Thousand Splendid Suns. New York: Riverhead, 2007. A Thousand Splendid Suns The history of Afghanistan is marked by death and loss and unimaginable grief. Ultimately, this is more than a story of survival in the face of what seem to be insurmountable odds. It is a story of the unconquerable spirit of a people and individuals seen through the eyes of two indomitable women. A Thousand Splendid Suns is told eloquently through the eyes of Laila and Mariam.

3D printing revolution in fashion industry

AD Printing Revolution in Fashion Industry Last week, I went to London Science museum, there was an exhibition of AD printing showing the completely new image of fashion in the coming 20 years. AD printing has been developing rapidly, now it is way more than printing plastic. It prints something that I cannot even believe: structural thing like house, complicated thing like gun, huge thing like rare plane and guess what, lively tissue. As AD printing becomes more mainstream, its applications are broadening (Rachel 2013).It started to hit the roll of fashion, besides AD printed handbags, dresses, we can see AD printed high- heel shoes and bikinis in the latest fashion shows. As Stephanie (2014) mentioned, the mix of apparel and technology shows the innovative soul of fashion, the future of fashion is truly tricked out with AD printing technology. As this evolution continues we can expect to see a AD printing revolution in our fashion industry. In the following sections, this essay is going to illustrate the revolution in production, supply chain and design aspects.Beginning with the first step of manufacture, production method in fashion field will e totally changed. According to some researches, 10% of all consumer products by the year 2025 will be made by the AD process. Richard (2013) discussed that since applications of the technology spread and prices decrease, more products will be manufactured at their location of purchase or consumption. Indeed, consumers will be printing their own clothing by 2020, according to inventor and futurist Ray Skuzzier (Tanya 2013). This implies that new household-level production will emerge.On top of it, production will no longer includes labor force, capital, natural resources, UT only the printing machines, raw materials and programs which lead a huge reform. Based on the change of production method, the supply chain will eventually be modified. â€Å"The world will transform from a macro-manufactured supply chain to a mi cro-manufactured supply chain or what is known as distributed manufacturing† (Nick 2014). Whereas cars today are made by Just a few hundred factories around the world, they might one day be made in every metropolitan area.The supply chain is going to be shortened as only machines and programs are involved, the whole supply chain may even only appear in our home. As the supply chain will undergo a makeover, certain categories of business will be eliminated. Countries will rather do domestic production than import since production will no longer require so much labors and places, shipping, delivery and inventory service will then go downhill. Before, the Internet technology has already overturned many traditional business models, so now the AD printing technology is going to revolute the fashion industry into a new era.Nature of design will be adjusted due the altered producing methods. Customization of goods is more significant due to maker can simply adjust the aerogramme (Ric hard 2013). As AD printing can solve some practicable problems of creative products, so it actually encourages the creativity in meeting individuals' need. The Job of designer will change as they have to know well about technology and design the products with programmer, or even, everyone can become a designer.What Rachel (2013) mentioned is this kind of intersection of fashion and technology can give everyone access to creativity. People will be designing clothes for themselves which they know their size and style the best, so they can create personalized clothing. If you do not want to spend time on making your own AD printing programmer, you can simply buy it online as what we are doing for music file, consumers would pay a fee to download and print the renderings, Ideas may eventually never produce sportswear, but simply sell the format to print Jersey and sneaker.Due to this, keen competition between the brands will be stronger, millions of designers are compete to produce a tr emendous variety of objects. Some researchers start to doubt whether AD printing will be widely spread since customized products may be more expensive than traditional mass-produced goods, ND spend longer time as well (Ashley 2010). And actually, since the technology is improving and supply increased, according to the scale of economy, the price of machine and materials for printing are eventually dropping.CNN did an experiment in 2013 that compared buying 20 items like phone case, spoon holder to the cost of printing them out directly. The result is, it took 25 hours to print all the objects and they saved up to $1926, depending on the quality of the comparable retail products. So we can definitely imagine all the time cost and price will be reducing by 2020. As what Nick (2014) pointed out, we are at the beginning of a revolution that will transform our society in ways we can't even imagine.

Analysis Of The Movie Blade Runner Film Studies Essay

Analysis Of The Movie Blade Runner Film Studies Essay The Blade Runner is a science fiction movie that was directed by Ridley Scott in 1982. The movie was written by David Peoples and Hampton Fancher, and was based on Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?† a novel that was authored by Philip K. Dick. The film depicts a 2019 dystopian Los Angeles, a period that is characterized by the construction of genetically modified organic robots that are referred to as â€Å"replicants.† Tyrell manufactured the robots and other big corporations around the world were physically indistinguishable from adult human beings. The replicants are banned and are only used for menial and dangerous works in the off-world colonies. Special police operatives referred to as â€Å"Blade Runners† hunt down the replicants who defy the ban. The film rapidly became a typical sect, with a great following of devoted fans (Hills, 2005). However, as with all sect classics, the movie has had countless critics, and the majority of these critics have gen erated incredibly similar criticism of the movie. They dismissed it as a good-loooking movie formed on the flimsiest of tales, a conquest of creation plan over substance. This statement even though incredibly vital and intrepid is not wholly without matter, with lots of plot turns and variations in the course, the themes are time and again difficult to track, as is the character conversation and the universal run of the plot which can irritate a lot of people and as a result, result in such awful critisism. When talking about this statement, one must assess a number of main scenes in the movie itself, make an analysis of both the story creation design and its content, and form a close reference to both. The first scene of key significance to both the story and the creation design is the prospect in which the observer first gets to know about Racheal. One gets to know about Rachael in the narrative as a Tyrell’s secretary, and a new outline of replicant, which is more or less human. However, she afterward becomes deckards love concern, which is relatively a satirical concurrence due to the reality that it is deckards occupation as a blade runner to execute replicants. Nevertheless the conversation is complex, and presumes too much of the watcher, in the logic, that it presumed that the watcher identifies more with the new globe than is told in actual facts.What is relatively astonishing, are the visuals in this scene which arrest the eye of the watcher easily. There is filming of the movie is done from a distant end of the room, in the evening. This looks out of the base to the ceiling removable window, of more or less prehistoric looking scenery, with pyramids and other prehistoric kind of buildings. The room itself has a distinct sentiment of the Mediterranean. It is in complete dissimilarity to the feeling of architecture of the movie, which has typically been that of grey dull buildings and dark uninviting streets. This is used to indicate the tremen dous disparity in riches amid tyrell, and the rest of the globe. This scene is occupied with classic narrative, although it is frequently difficult to understand the knowledge that is expected by the watcher. The visuals of the scene are exceptional, it is a good-looking backdrop and a visually striking scene, which as well distracts the sight from the character conversation, and creates difficulty to understand the slight scheme particulars in the scene (Sammon & Paul, 1997). In general, this scene is geared in the direction of the creation design side of the movie, and needs to utilize extra time on the story side.

Human Rights Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Human Rights - Research Paper Example The constitutional right of liberty as an executive power in the UK carries the foundation of offering security and protection of freedom. This is expressed through The National Council for Civil Liberties, specifically which promotes human rights while creating better understanding of the liberties that are required in the UK. The committee that has been created in the UK is based on the Public Bodies Bill, which states that there is a fundamental right of every citizen to have liberty and protection of this liberty. The Bill that has been passed combines this with the fundamental right of every individual to have liberty and equal rights in any given circumstance, specifically which is supposed to comply with human rights standards that are within the UK . The protection of liberty that is now rising in the UK is one which questions the executive powers and the expectations of the new problems within society. The opposing viewpoints which are arising with the Constitutional right, expectations of basic human standards and the creation of the Public Bodies Bill has also created questions of what the limitations of power should be . The main conflict is based on the differences between security and liberty as well as liberty that oppose equality. The security measures which arise often create a sense of protection of human rights that comes from avoiding conflict and creating security measures for better monitoring of different public areas. However, there are many that believe this takes away freedom and liberty, specifically pertaining to privacy and the ability for individuals to have a sense of freedom while in society. The ideology of security is then one which arises because of the belief that executive powers to watch others takes away the sense of liberty and freedom3. The ideology of limited protection because of security and equality within the UK is followed by executive powers which show how protection of liberty becomes conflicting. Currently, the UK has a separation of powers by the powers of the Constitution, executive office forces, executive tools and agreements, legislation which supports different changes and marginalized actions of the legislative and judicial branches of the government. These five separations of powers also create conflicts with the main provisions of liberty and what this means when dividing the power among different sources. The question of balancing power with the different definitions of liberty, combined with the new needs in society, then combine with a sense of imbalance for the protection of liberty4. Even though there are divisions of power and expectations with security and human rights, there are still ways in which the protection of liberty works against the executi ve powers as a general constitutional right in the UK. The Constitutional culture is one of the aspects which continue to protect rights. If there is a high amount of security or different powers that create a different definition of liberty, then one can guarantee Constitutional rights toward the right of liberty5. The main values and principles which are associated with liberty can then be applied. A conflict which arises is based on the

Revenue management in Hotel industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Revenue management in Hotel industry - Essay Example identified three conditions which would be necessary for revenue management: there should be adequate fixed resources for sale; the resources should be perishable; and customers should be willing to pay different prices for the resources. Hotels sell rooms as fixed inventory which are highly perishable and attract different prices depending on size, location and availability of unique features. Appropriate forecast enhances identification of cost drivers leading to development of appropriate measures of performance. It would enable an organization understand how operational drivers affect its financial performance outcomes. As budget forecasts are highly dependent on demand and supply, hotels should consider their room occupancy and the charged rates should increase with increase in reservations. But in practice, this does not happen and Salerno (2012) argues that most hoteliers would blindly set rates for future and then get disappointed. Poor accuracy of budgets still remains a problem in many organizations. When forecasts are made way above or below the budget, the organization risks making bad decisions based on the incorrect projections. This would also cause the management to pay less attention to budgets as they become unreliable and not trusted. Generally, inaccurate forecasts significantly affect revenue management system performance as the organization will suffer lack of proper planning (Weatherford & Kimes, 2003). When the forecasts are set so high, Hayes and Miller (2011) argue that the forecast then becomes a motivational tool for increased performance and not a revenue management tool. However, the authors note that no organization should seek to make inaccurate forecasts. These inaccuracies would be a result of deriving facts from poor tools of budgeting such as spreadsheets fed with wrong formulae. Limited time for employees to come up with good projections and their subsequent lack of motivation could also be a reason. Additionally, sidelining

Alcoholism in Lebanon Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Alcoholism in Lebanon - Essay Example The genes that are responsible for alcohol addiction interact with one another as well as with the environment. Different variations of this interaction result either in temperance or in addiction. There is also one more variant possible when alcohol addiction is not predetermined by heredity. Alcoholism can be surely called the curse of the 20th and 21st centuries. With the increase of the life rate, with the emotional stress caused by surplus of information people are prone to seek ways of getting relaxed. The main deceiving point of alcohol is that it is delusive. Being in the state of intoxication all the difficulties and problems slacken and there is a temporal short-term state of carelessness and relative happiness. The state described above is connected with the discharge of endorphins in blood. Endorphin, also called the hormone of happiness, is produced by a special area of brains and leads to the feeling of relaxation. Not only alcohol or drugs can lead to the effect of the short-term happiness, though it is the fastest method to stimulate the production of endorphins. It is known that bananas and chocolate have the similar effect, though the number of endorphins is rather small. The investigation on alcohol addiction proves that daily and continuous consumption of alcohol even in small portions can lead to chemical addiction. Due to the exchange processes of the organism, the chemical addiction of the cells arises. This addiction is characterized by the need to increase the dose from time to time. The most striking fact is that according to the hereditary theory (that is proved by statistical data) if one of the parents is alcohol addicted then one of their children or grandchildren is sure to have the same problem (Plant 2006). The fact is that the gene responsible for alcoholism addiction can reveal itself even in several generations. There are two types of alcoholism that are distinguished by the scientists: male and female. Female alcoholism, tho ugh not so often met, is more dangerous and is hardly to be cured. Women get addicted to alcohol much quicker than men do and in this way they become drunkards very quickly. The reasons that force a woman to take alcohol can vary. The first place is occupied by hereditary addiction, but then come the reasons of the unhappy private life, problems with children, the absence of family etc. However, for a man the main reason after hereditary are problems at work. It has been established in such a way in the evolution of the mankind that a woman has always realized herself at home and in the family, while a man always strived to make a career and achieve something at work. Alcohol influences the organism in a negative way; though scientists still argue weather there is a minimal doze of alcohol that is useful for an organism. It has always been believed that a small doze of red wine a day will be very useful for health. Though, nowadays some scientists argue that even such doze can lead to the dying-off of brain cells. Alcohol influences the brains in such a way that the organism knowing that something harmful is happening to it starts to defend. As a result the cells of the brains die off in the process of battle. Soon the dead cells leave the body via uresis. A person who is alcohol addicted gradually losses his/her intelligence and degrade. The only thing that interests them is taking another doze of alcohol. All their actions through the day in

How Decisions in Customer Service will Impact the Level of Sales and Essay

How Decisions in Customer Service will Impact the Level of Sales and the Ultimate Profitability of the Organization - Essay Example A lot of companies have invested significant resources in into developing the quality of customer service in their companies in order to increase customer satisfaction and increase the level of customers who become loyal to the company. Gilbert and Veloutsou (2006) acknowledge that indeed customers are the key to long term business success, profitability and growth. In response to a business environment that is increasingly competitive, a growing number of companies are increasingly using their customer service personnel to build long term relationships with clients, with different organizations adopting IT based strategies in order to better manage their customer relationships. The benefits of a satisfied customer are recognized widely in marketing as well as management literature (Sui-Hua Yu, 2007; Palic, Maricic, & Kovac, 2011). Indeed various research have linked a positive relationship between high quality customer service, o customer loyalty in terms of repeated purchases, cros s buying behavior and reduce price sensitiveness of the consumers (Ibrahim & Najjar, 2008; Oliver, 1997; Bloemer & Odekerken-Schroder, 2002; Yu, Shean-Yuh, & Yu-Yi, 2011). ... Problem Statement Most organizations have to deal with the issues of high quality customer service and the impact that such services have on corporate profitability in their course of business. This research considers the relation between these two specifically analyzing the impact that customer service decisions have on company sales and hence profitability. Company sales and profitability are in this case impacted by high customer loyalty due to their satisfaction with the quality of services that they receive. Over the past two decades there has been an increase in customer focused strategies towards increasing company growth. Notably in the new economics of customer service orientation, customers are the central concern of the management of any of any organization. In this sense, the management focuses on factors that drive profitability within the service paradigm ranging from training and development of customer service, compensation that is linked to performance, investment in customer service management systems, and investment in frontline employees (Heskett, Jones, Loveman, Sasser, Jr, & Schlesinger, 2008). There has been a wide array of research that has been carried out on the connection between customer service, customer loyalty and the impact that these have on profitability within an organization. While a lot of study have focused on fast consumer moving goods or the financial products or service (Bloemer & Odekerken-Schroder, 2002; Yu, Shean-Yuh, Yu-Yi, 2011; Sui-Hua Yu, 2007; Palic, Maricic, & Kovac, 2011), none has looked into the mass merchandising sector. This paper focuses on this sector by analyzing consumer shopping behavior and customer service in Beira Mar Mall, which houses a wide array of stores

Proposed research on effects of progressive muscle relaxation Essay

Proposed research on effects of progressive muscle relaxation rechniques on chronic pain among cancer patients - Essay Example Research Strategy†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.11 c. Indexes and database†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦11 d. Exclusion and Inclusion principles†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦......12 Chapter 3 a. Reading and Evaluation of the study†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦13 b. Data Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..14 c. Data Extraction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢ € ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦14 d. Evaluation of the Study†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦20 e. Summary and conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦20 f. References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦......24 g. Appendixes†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..25 Chapter 1 a. Abstract The proposed research for this study will discuss the progressive muscle relaxation and its techniques along with the effect that it has on chronic pain in patients with cancer. The techniques discussed can have a significant impact on reducing and relaxing chronic pain in patients with cancer. ... Chronic pain is extremely common in patients with cancer, especially those who are found in stage IV of the disease (Ahles, 2005). Pain can be divided into four types basing on the levels of intensity. These are weak, moderate, sever, and very severe (Godfrey, 2005). All analgesic therapy in cancer patients is based on the use of non-narcotic, narcotic, and support (adjuvant) drugs, the use of which forms the basis of a three-step approach to pain management which was developed and proposed by the world health organization (American Cancer Society, 2006). According to American Cancer Society (2006), one third of all cancer patients suffer from moderate to severe pain related to their cancer and over 50% of patients diagnosed with cancer suffer from some form of pain. The most common types of pain related to cancer are due to the cancer tumor and the treatment (Altice & Jamison, 2009). Unlike those who suffer from chronic pain that is unrelated to cancer, those with cancer experience pain in more than on area. (Melzack (2005) noted that pain can be both acute and chronic and often varies in presentation and that such pains are associated with the consequences of changes in psychosocial relationships, decreased quality of life, and increased rates of depression, as well as in anxiety. However, patients and providers often find that pharmacologic therapy does not completely control pain associated with cancer (Altice & Jamison, 2009). Altice and Jamison (2009) advanced a notion that Pharmacologic management of pain often comes with side effects such as nausea, constipation, drowsiness, pruritus, sedation, and delirium. Altice and Jamison (2009) concluded that complementary and alternative medical (CAM) therapies, including mind-body techniques, are

Cancer Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Cancer - Research Paper Example They are able to move about at will through the body. Cancer cells can also divide faster than normal healthy cells, then becoming able of causing tumors. Pancreatic cancer, just as the name suggests, effects the pancreas, which then effects the rest of the abdominal region, including the digestive system. Unlike other cancers, pancreatic cancer tends to spread faster, which is why is is seldom discovered during its early stages; once the cancer forms, there is only a short amount of time between the early stages and the advance stages (Evans 83). Due to its rapid spreading, signs and symptoms of the cancer do not always appear right away, making pancreatic cancer one of the cancers with the greatest death rate. There is no known cause to pancreatic cancer. The cancer forms when cells in the pancreas develop genetic mutations. Once the cells have developed mutations, they grow at a rapid, uncontrollable rate. Instead of dying off as a normal cell would, these mutated cells continue t o live in the body. As they continue to multiply and grow, the assembled cancer cells can then develop a tumor on the pancreas. To diagnose an individual with pancreatic cancer, ultrasounds are usually the first method undergone, as this can detect whether or not tumors have begun to form on the pancreas.

Modern Microecon, Consumer Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Modern Microecon, Consumer Theory - Essay Example In raw economic terms, utility is a measure of consumer satisfaction, that is, how much satisfaction a consumer derives from the consumption of a good or a service. Budget constraint on the other hand represents the combination of goods or services an individual can consume or purchase in consideration to given prices with his or her limited income. Combining the two concepts forms the foundation of consumer theory. The utility theory provides a methodological framework whereby usually, all individuals, organizations and firms evaluate given options. Utility is a term used to describe the satisfaction that each of the given options provide to the one making the decision. Hence, the basis of the utility theory is that each individual will choose that option which tends to maximize utility, working on what is called the ‘maximization principle’. This principle states that the most desirable choice is the one with the highest level of satisfaction. However, while making the se decisions, the individual must also consider his income earned along with the respective prices of the goods and services in question. ... Total utility continuously rises as consumption increases. This rise becomes smaller as more units of a product are consumed, it can also decline after a certain level of consumption. On the other hand, marginal utility measures the change in consumption benefit as a result of consuming one more or one less unit of a product. In other words, marginal utility tracks the change in total utility as the number of units consumed changes. The behavior of marginal utility is such that it tends to fall continuously as consumption of a product increases. This is because the first few units consumed of a product provide a higher level of satisfaction than the later few. For example, the first drink of water is worth a lot more to a thirsty individual than his seventh one. For a consumer to be in equilibrium certain conditions need to be met. The consumers are assumed to be rational in their decision whereby they aim to maximize the utility derived from the consumption of any product. It is als o assumed that consumers have limited incomes and that the value of utility can be quantified in monetary terms. The equi-marginal principle states that a consumer will be in equilibrium if it is not possible to switch expenditure from good X in favour of good Y to achieve an increase in total utility. In other word this principle is satisfied when the marginal utility of every dollar spent on a good is equal to the price paid for that good. If a basket of goods is in question, an individual will continue to alter the mix of consumption of the products until the marginal utility of a dollar spent on each of the goods is equal. Therefore, the equilibrium principle can be expressed as MUx/Px=MUy/Py, where MU is the marginal utility and P is the price of the good. Consumer

Treaty of Versailles Essay Example for Free

Treaty of Versailles Essay The Members of the League recognize that the maintenance of peace requires the reduction of national armaments to the lowest point consistent with national safety and the enforcement by common action of international obligations.The Council, taking account of the geographical situation and circumstances of each State, shall formulate plans for such reduction for the consideration and action of the several Governments. Such plans shall be subject to reconsideration and revision at least every ten years. After these plans shall have been adopted by the several Governments, the limits of armaments therein fixed shall not be exceeded without the concurrence of the Council. The Members of the League agree that the manufacture by private enterprise of munitions and implements of war is open to grave objections. The Council shall advice how the evil effects attendant upon such manufacture can be prevented, due regard being had to the necessities of those Members of the League which are not able to manufacture the munitions and implements of war necessary to their safety. The Members of the League undertake to interchange full and frank information as to the scale of their armaments, their military, naval, and air programmes and the condition of such of their industries as are adaptable to war-like purposes. The Members of the League recognize that the maintenance of peace requires the reduction of national armaments to the lowest point consistent with national safety and the enforcement by common action of international obligations. The Council, taking account of the geographical â€Å"situations† and circumstances of each state, shall formulate plans for such reduction for the consideration and action of the several Governments. Such plans shall be subject to reconsideration and revision at least every â€Å"five years.† After theses plans shall have been adopted by the several Governments, the limits of armaments therein fixed shall not be exceeded without the concurrence of the Council. The Members of the League agree that the manufacture by private enterprise of munitions and implements of war is open to grave objection. The Council shall advise how the evil effects attendant upon such manufacture can be prevented, due regard being had to the necessities of those Members of the League which are not able to manufacture the munitions and implements of war necessary for their safety. The Members of the League undertake to interchange full and frank information as to the scale of their armaments, their military, naval, and air programmes and the condition of such of their industries are adaptable to war-like purposes. A permanent Commission shall be constituted to advise the Council on the execution of the provisions of Articles 1 and 8 and on military, naval, and air questions generally. A permanent Commission shall be constituted as having as members representing all nations to advice the Council on the Execution of Articles 1 and 8 and on military, naval, and air questions generally. Sources: http://net.lib.byu.edu/-rdh/wwwi/versa1.html â€Å"Treaty of Verailles† Microsoft Encarta 2006 (DVD). Redmond, WA: Microsoft Corporation, 2005.

Political Science link with English Essay Example for Free

Political Science link with English Essay Abstract The main purpose of this paper is to provide the reader a clear understanding on the political views on estrangement. This will further be discussed by comparing and also contrasting the different views of Aristotle and Hobbe. And how might each of these philosophers have analyzed the problems on Pitcairn Island. Political Science link with English It is very common to all of us that when we decide on something, we sometimes immediately knew what we would prefer or choice and then we decide from it. This is common in the sense that every one of us has our own personal judgment, even sometimes we have the same decision with others, but the reason why we have decided it is different from that person. But, there are still other people that just tend to follow decisions and would not anymore would want to expand his mind in thinking why he needs to decide ion such things, but in fact we all been given that luxury of making up our mind on the decisions we want to have. This is also part of the key areas that will be focus on in this paper the political vision of estrangement. This will be further be discussed and explained in this paper through the different views of two famous philosophers: Aristotle and Hobbe. These two well respected philosophers will provide their own views which will eventually the basis of what was used at in the present. Lastly, these two philosophers will also be presented in this paper on how they have analyzed the problem in the Pitcairn Island. Estrangement just like a choice or decision refers to disunity due to following of different ideology. In true human reflection, this usually happens in politics, where there is always disunity that is happening. One for the administration and the other is for the opposition, or it can also be divided into majority group and the minority group. Estrangement is very evident and was said to be beneficial in an organization because this is the only way that it strikes the balance. Balance that would help like for example the government through disagreements made by the different sector of government. Or public upheaval that was initiated due to certain idea and belief that no balance of attention is given to staffs or employees in a company instead what happened was favoritism and lack of respect to others. Estrangement actually may not be present to humans, only if we have leaders who will stand for peace and equal rights across all groups, but this remains to be an ideal vision only and still people tends to work his own liberated way of thinking and pursue on what he or she desires. Take for instance people that are successful, even though they succeeded in life they lack relationship and that starts for finding somebody to compensate the sadness. Then this results to separation from the main ideology of the family. For the English philosopher, Hobbe, estrangement has a lot to do with human life, in the sense that every man is against other man, there are no central government that overrules this ideology and man should not find luxury instead grief in keeping company. Life is such a state which was considered a famous political theory that man should know his state and act on it. For Hobbe, there are two main levels of estrangement: the first level and that refers to the surface is psychological, which means that humans are estranged because they have egos to feed in and this is because they always think that they have to preserved their lives more and always the most important one. The second one is prestige and wealth and this may not be possible to achieve without practicing power. This is the most common standard of human life that every one of us will do anything just to succeed in what we do. But this also creates a person to be more selfish and self-centered. (Adler, Ronald and Russell, Proctor II, 2006, pp. 23-27). For Aristotle, it was an opposing view of Hobbe, and he said that human beings are essentially united. As the founder of political science, he made this belief more popular these days than that of Hobee. That there are more progress and developments that can happen if people work together as one. He even considered during the emergence of the city-state in the Greece, he finds views that for humans not considering in the involvement of exchanging ideas and beliefs are only those who can classifies themselves either Gods or beast. He even strongly stated that regardless of your status in the society, like slave, laborers or artisans, you can still allow to unite with different groups since you also bear the same ideology and principle. This principle or belief was then been carried on for years and it was very beneficial in war as people can easily know the greater importance of unity instead of working individually. (Adler, Ronald and Russell, Proctor II, 2006, pp. 28-29). But the main focal point is that does human beings are estranged in essence. Based on the two philosophers, it is hard to mention what is more effective; instead it is more on the faith of the individual that counts the most. That is contrasting the two different ideology has its own personal purpose, humans should strike the balance. In other words both have its own main advantage provided it will be used appropriately. In the Pitcairn Island novel, it was obviously a cast of different personality at the beginning, most specially for Christian, who always finds it interesting working alone but still effectively contributing to the team. Unlike McCoy, Smith, John and Martin, preferred more to work as a team and having to work in a more focus but more collaborative way is essential. In this novel, following Aristotle’s ideology would be easier, it was shown here that even after a little uprising happens that divides the followers, still there are loyal followers that remains and still succeeded in reaching its goal in arriving to Pitcairn Island. Unlike for Hobbe’s ideology it can still be helpful but instead of addressing the team as one, what he will do is to work each and every member and that will take much of his time and the time for his team to coordinate at one another, even though a higher efficiency for each individual will be achieved but the team work will suffer and in that time that is more important as there was already an uprising that happens. This is truly a call for leadership and unity for the team in the ship. The only used for Hobbe’s principle is for its leader of the ship, which he needs to look more on how he can find and implement rules more effectively and from there is that to establish the principle of Aristotle’s unity in achieving the over-all vision of the team. (Nordhoff, Charles and Hall, James Norman. (Nordhoff, Charles and Hall, James Norman, 1962, pp. 3-71). Work Cited Page Adler, Ronald and Russell, Proctor II. Looking Out, Looking In., US: Wadsworth Publishing, 2006. Nordhoff, Charles and Hall, James Norman. Pitcairn Island., Boston, USA: Little, Brown, and Company, 1962. Work Cited Bassman, E. (1992). Abuse in the Workplace: Management Remedies and Bottom Line Impact. Westport, CT: Stourum Press, 1992.

The economy of Bangladesh

The economy of Bangladesh ECONOMY OF BANGLADESH The country of Bangladesh is a developing economy. World average, however, is small but lower than India and Pakistan. Ranked of the world 48 largest economy country. Its grows lots of domestic foods. In the last few years, they make lots of different foods. Bangladeshis employed becoming a half or more then are in the agriculture sector, with RMG, they like to fish, vegetables, leather and leather goods, ceramics, as like importance product as world want rice . Sound financial problem they growth due. After that they try to fight with their own poorly financial to make their life.bangladesh is a country where can grow easily any kinds of food.as they have lots of river thats why they could make any kinds of food easily.mainly they product lots of kinds of food. And rice, jute, wheat.lots of kind of vegetables. There have six seasons in Bangladesh. Communication, power supply, transportation and water supply and developing. They have reserves oil and coal. Day by day its improving human resource base. There have natural gas and two sea ports Mongla and Chittagong. Economic history South Asia Bangladesh was a prosperous region until modern. Tropical climate, fertile soil, advantages .wildlife, fish developing day by day. During the Mogul Empire. From Pakistan its independence 1971 now name Bangladesh. Socialist economy fellow Bangladesh. Economic sectors Agriculture of Bangladesh Bangladeshis earn most of their living from agriculture. 63% of Bangladeshi are involved in agriculture. Jute and rice are their main primary cops. As they crops lot of kinds vegetable and fruit. Although their due number of factors they grown three times in a year. Northeast they grown tea is the one of economy sector in world market. Irrigation control better flood and use fertilizers. A serious problem of Bangladesh underemployed and concern Bangladesh agriculture. Manpower is another side of Bangladesh to grow agriculture. Labour force comes from manpower. Lots of poor farmer they do to farm because they dont have another option to maintain their life. Management of Agriculture An agricultural country Bangladesh is predominantly. growth of the economy Agriculture being the engine. alleviation of poverty develop agriculture sector. improvement Since provision of food security for the life standard and generation.the overall effort by the government development of agriculture. the growing population To fulfill the food sustain dependable food security. appropriate technology modern agricultural system based improved. door steps of the farmers agricultural inputs including fertliser.procedures of agricultural credit simplification of the disbursement agricultural extension policy. system for quality modernisation of research creating opportunities investment in agriculture. the integrated technologies improvement of agro-products. Sectoral Growth In recent years has been a remarkable Rapid growth in food grain production of the countrys economic. unusually large summer and winter crops aman and boro crops. foodgrain production Bangladesh reached self-sufficiency. net purchasers of rice of rural households in the country. the development nongovernment organizations have the private sector of minidairies and poultry farms. foodgrain output was boosted Apart from favorable weather conditions.Agricultural inputs supply of key diesel, fuel ,seeds ,fertilizer.improved delivery of agriculture Good procurement support coming from Government. Manufacturing Industry Mostly of Bangladeshi women they are involved in garment industry. 19% Bangladeshi people are involved in industry. World market Bangladeshi garment is another popular. Making lots of foreign economy from garment is known another name.1.5 million people working in garment most of them are women. As a poor people they are involved in garment work. Leather product and footwear coming on in garment sector. Muslin and silk fabric the British as known famous. Dyes, yarn and clothes are as known famous in world market. Muslin and silk as known world market famous. Bangladesh Steel and Engineering Corporation (BSEC): Communication and infrastructural playing a vital role in the development the country. remark products are also improvement in country.products are Electric items, Razor blade, Ship repair, tube light, SEC wire, Transformer. Bangladesh Standards and Testing Institution (BSTI): 1985 through an Ordinance titled Testing Institution and Bangladesh Standard. BSTI include, among others The main function. national standards of industrial is entrusted with the responsibility chemical products and food. the technical committees is responsible for the quality of the products are ensured specific national standards. measures in the country introduction and implementation metric system of weight is also responsible. Textile sector In Bangladesh there is lots of big big textile group. Textile is another economy source of Bangladesh. Importance role of Bangladesh in textile. Nearly 4milion people working in textile .most of them are women. Export earning 78% comes from textile. There have lot of export produce earner.trousers, skirts, shorts, jackets, sweaters and sportswear fashions.. HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT Millennium Development Goals is committed The Government of Bangladesh. the government has been implementing this commitment National Strategy for Accelerated Poverty Reduction. increased attention to human resource no denying the fact that reaching the target hardcore poverty calls development. Developments in Post-primary Education Sector human resources development the principal element of Bangladesh to receive education the basic right of every citizen. human resources pool trained of immense importance for the country. science and technology poverty through building oriented education system. socioeconomic development national poverty of the main strategies Considering investment in education. quality of education Improve development of post-primary education. implementing appropriate programmme priority has been attached. PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS Test case of development Bangladesh. Economy in examining problems one turns. There have lot of problems political .And social problems involved. They have poor management poor politics thats why they cant growth up easy way. They dont have any kinds of modern quality. POLITICAL: A true democracy became a Bangladesh. It had been ruled by military figures. There have lots of political problems in Bangladesh. If economy can growth but political leaders cant give to growth nicely. All of political leaders think about their selfs .At the end of the day economy going down and cant improve. Its very importance about economy about country. Their all times have two parties BNP and AWAMI league. When they go to one party a new government they do fight each other. At the end country economy cant improve. Muslim make up 83% is a secular Bangladesh aways been harmony with the different religious. Social: Increased tremendously Bangladesh decade education. Prime minister both of female and gender awareness. Women trust their religious and give value complain policies. Motionless at this moment power of caretaker government. Recently, Chief Adviser (CA) Fakhruddin Ahmed the countrys current economic slowdown. Government has already taken including formation .private-public business forum the situation. Optimistic like our Chief Adviser to overcome our economic problem. Problems of economy and causes of these problems 1) Caretaker government NO confidence Caretaker government, breaking and ejecting the businesses of footpath and slums. Jute mils, fixing principles Closing and action without plans.. Showing excuse of anticorruption Torturing businessmen Businessmen by National Board of Revenue and Anticorruption Commission. Independence of newspapers hindering. 2)Investment of businessmen and investors: Businessmen and investors are not interested to invest in this country. Money earned by corruption is closed now for anticorruption. Donor agencies, military government and international they do not know who is giving the direction of power 3) Purchasing power of general people: International market exists from previous two or three years Higher price of products in. We can blame following reasons for purchasing power of general people. Higher price of products as well as decreasing. Immoral syndicates of the period of union (BNP-Jamat) governmentDestructive activities. In country and showing signal that production will decrease in near products to earn more money. Future. For this reason, businessmen are not selling their products, storing products and creating shortage. Not as much as our expectation Production of rice. Interested to import rice from a huge amount of money for the luck of confidence on caretaker government. Primitive institutional structure because care taker government has not taken any positive initiative. The hindrance of supply facing the problem of inflation. CONCLUSION: Every country have some good or bad side economy after that its depends how to manage country economy. If country economy good thats means they have some reason for its back some goods side. context of Bangladesh present relationship between inflation economic growthdevelopment partners need to work .

Prejudice Runs Deep in To Kill A Mockingbird Essay -- Kill Mockingbird

Prejudice Runs Deep in To Kill A Mockingbird    To Kill A Mockingbird takes place in small town Maycomb, Alabama, a depression era town where people move slowly and twenty-four hours seems longer.   The narrator of the story is a six-year-old girl named Jean Louise Finch, a tomboy who hates wearing dresses and goes by the nickname "Scout."   Scout's being a tomboy is of no little significance because while we are treated to a sweet and affectionate portrayal of Maycomb at the novel's opening, we will find it is a town where racial prejudice, hostility and ignorance run deep below the surface.   Not only are the majority of the townspeople prejudiced against blacks, maintaining a feeling of superiority to the whole of their race, but there are also well-defined social roles based on gender.   To Kill A Mockingbird reflects many themes, but three of the most significant ones are courage, prejudice, and education.   Through characterization and behavior the author demonstrates the connection of these themes as crucial for manifesting real humanity within individuals.   Education and courage produce a higher level of humanity in human behavior, particularly because they allow individuals to walk in the skins of other people before judging them.   Education and courage allow for a neutralization of prejudice because they lend a broader understanding to the individual concerning others.   Atticus, the father of Scout and Jem (Jeremy Finch), often teaches the lessons of education and courage to his children.   Atticus' brand of courage and education is different than that of most people's in the town.   Atticus' brand of courage disdains the use of guns, as we see when he refuses to use one to protect Tom Robinson (a black man accused of... ...th, as surely as mockingbirds are shot because they are considered "ugly."   Education and courage allow individuals to manifest a level of humanity that is color blind and does not criticize or judge based on circumstantial evidence or before walking in the skin of another.   In the author's view the type of justice and social conditions that exist in Maycomb, Alabama, are, mirroring the words of Jem after the guilty verdict for Tom, not right "It ain't right" (Lee, 1960, 214).   Prejudice and discrimination run rampant underneath the seemingly sweet and affectionate portrayal of Maycomb at the novel's outset.   It is these two elements that will unjustly condemn an innocent man to death, two elements Lee considers a sin as surely as Atticus views killing a mockingbird as sinful. Works Cited Lee, H.   (1960).   To Kill A Mockingbird.   New York, Warner Books, Inc.

Christopher Columbus vs. Alvez Nunez Cabeza de Vaca Essay -- American

Christopher Columbus and Alvez Nunez Cabeza de Vaca were both explorers for Spain, but under different rulers and different times. The more famous, Christopher Columbus, came before de Vaca’s time. Columbus sailed a series of four voyages between 1492 and 1504 in search for a route to Asia which led accidentally to his discovery of new land inhabited with Indians. Christopher sailed under the Spanish monarchs, Ferdinand and Isabella for his journey to the â€Å"Indies,† whom he was loyal to by claiming everything in their name. De Vaca , followed in Christopher’s footsteps and journeyed to Hispanionola for Spain’s emperor, Charlves V, the grandson of Ferdinand and Isabella. Both, Columbus and de Vaca composed a series of letters addressing the main issue of their journey to the new land, but both were expressed in a different manner, included different material, and were motivated to write for dissimilar reasons. Columbus’ and de Vaca’s purposes to compose letters are quite divergent. Christopher Columbus’ main objective in his Letter to Ferdinand and Isabella Regarding the Fourth Voyage, was to list his unnoticed accomplishments, justly sufferings, and devotion in order for the monarchs to save him. He had his heart set on Ferdinand and Isabella’s pity to obtain their permission to go to Rome and other places of pilgrimage. In Columbus’ â€Å"Letter to Ferdinand and Isabella Regarding the Fourth Voyage,† Columbus had the intention to please his majesty by claiming his â€Å"[pure devot...

Freedom of Thought in Solzhenitsyns One Day in the Life of Ivan Deniso

There are many definitions of the term "freedom." Some will say that to be free one must be allowed to do as one pleases in terms of one's physical body, while others will say that one must only be able to think to be truly free. Yet another group will argue that both aspects must be present for true freedom to exist. In many of his books, but specifically One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich, Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn deals with the idea that the mind is not truly free. He believed that since there is an inherent desire for approval within the human race, any thoughts that agree with the values of society cannot be deemed free thinking since the thinker could simply be searching for approval. Some critics believe that "this implies a double standard on freedom of thought," and that "freedom is inherent in the very process of thought" (Fink 1). Solzhenitsyn believed that it was nearly impossible to have truly free thoughts under the prison camp conditions described in One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich, or in any situation where there is an authoritarian ruler. In a pris... Freedom of Thought in Solzhenitsyn's One Day in the Life of Ivan Deniso There are many definitions of the term "freedom." Some will say that to be free one must be allowed to do as one pleases in terms of one's physical body, while others will say that one must only be able to think to be truly free. Yet another group will argue that both aspects must be present for true freedom to exist. In many of his books, but specifically One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich, Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn deals with the idea that the mind is not truly free. He believed that since there is an inherent desire for approval within the human race, any thoughts that agree with the values of society cannot be deemed free thinking since the thinker could simply be searching for approval. Some critics believe that "this implies a double standard on freedom of thought," and that "freedom is inherent in the very process of thought" (Fink 1). Solzhenitsyn believed that it was nearly impossible to have truly free thoughts under the prison camp conditions described in One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich, or in any situation where there is an authoritarian ruler. In a pris...

European History Essay

The way the eastern civilization would live is how people dream of living today. The eastern peoples put others above themselves. The way the western civilization used to live is how we live today: caring about ourselves for the most part. Even though the eastern side of living is how most people wanted to live, there are some positive characteristics of the western side that are worth incorporating. A common problem today is that we don’t think. A trait of eastern culture is the being contemplative. There are countless problems that could be avoided if thought would have gone into the situation. Life is a strategy that is filled with decisions. It is inevitable that mistakes will be made, but there will be less if you think before you act. In life there are always consequences for your actions. What most people don’t realize is that there can be positive consequences. This is something that the western civilization honored; the rewards or the positive consequences of the life they lived. Having the good things in your life isn’t as rewarding as working for the grand prize. Towards the end of your life, what will you have that reflects what you work for? In the eastern civilization, working with less is held high in standards. As the years go by, people always want more and more but is it really necessary? For example, heated seats and electronic windows are nice in our vehicles but we don’t actually need them. The eastern peoples learned to work with what they were given, even if it was less than what they wanted. Technology is taking over the world. With this new interference with human life, the beautiful art of work will soon be forgotten. There are amazing things that humans can do as long as they work for it. The western civilization figured this out and put activity high on the list of standards. Life is short and there may be things that we miss if we don’t work to see what it has in store for us. Both the eastern and western civilization contain characteristics that would benefit the human race. A mixture of the two would be a perfect way to live. Placing others higher in value than yourself is a trait that isn’t common in the world today. Even though, putting others first is something great, you need to think about yourself too. You only have one life and one chance to make it the best. Do what makes you happy and you will see that others will come with you.

The Effects of Evolving Technology on Business Industries

The and thing in this cosmos that is immutable is transmit. This is a pretty well bed saying which existed as vast as I hindquarters remember. Looking prickleward 50 years and to a greater extent from today, I net rec entirely how we used to undertake in class about how great deal give lived centuries ago.Globalization is the result of human being endless search for improve workforcets and techno recordical origins. It is an integration of economy, labor move workforcet and applied science on the whole all over the military man, even across international borders.This bm has increased the flow of capital, goods, competition and labor across borders which, in turn, had deeply budged the neat meaning of citizenship.Today, the upsurge of entropys in engine room has an undeniable effect on how presidential terms operate deep down and with another(prenominal) institutions. For an organization, its success and bereavement greatly depends on how the organizati on was organize to knead.The drive to improve peoples aliveness conformation is still the aforementi unmatchabled(prenominal) drive or factor which triggers international theatres to globalize their operations and with that, todays latest engine room makes the corporations and consumers life easier It modify companies to reduce cost by victimisation powerful equipment and machineries while consumers can control easier access to the sweetlyfoundest products in the market.The evolution of a crude engineering poses both(prenominal)(prenominal) threats and opportunities inside the constancy dynamics and alters the competitive forces. effort leaders face the possibility of losing their come i spot and being replaced by refreshing entrants and underdogs (because barriers to entry whitethorn be lowered). Therefore, technology modifyations whitethorn provide study shifts in sedulousness dynamics.Depending on its organizational capabilities, it may be good or ba d to make drastic adjustments to the existing organization when a disruptive innovation occurs. Disruptive spay occurs so intermittently that in that location is no routine rejoinder to them. How to adjust its newfound product development process depends on the organizations capabilities.Capabilities atomic number 18 its resources, processes (how they transform resources to products), and corporate set. While resources be variable to kind, processes be non as flexible, and values argon even less flexible. Therefore, when a disruptive technological qualify takes place, a company must look to its capabilities. If the change requires a tremendous amount of fiscal resources that the company does non boast, then they plain cannot invest in the change, on the flipside, if a galactic-mouthed capital firm faces the same change, the investment in the disruptive technology may be so trivial that it is not worth their more than worthy measure.The same scenario goes for pr ocesses and values. Large firms may be so large, that altering their processes to suit a change may be too burden few whereas smaller firms may score a lots easier time making adjustments in their processes. In addition, it is more in all probability that a smaller firms values may be more flexible for disruptive change than large companies whose longstanding values are not easily adaptable.To overcome the natural inertial found in most large organizations, passenger vehicles may create new structures within the organization where new processes can be developed. This involves taking out employees with the required capabilities and brief a new boundary almost them. When the organizations values may not be matched with the new processes, firms may create a firm new business venture which is solely own by the firm scarcely located in a new positioning with the people and other resources required to create an environment conducive to the new process. And last, when a firm do esnt have the supporting values, resources or processes for sustaining a new process, it may acquire another firm which does.Several factors may impact token stages in the evolution of a new technology. For example, technological advances, changes in what consumers want or need, and changes in regulations may trigger a technology evolution. In addition, patience breaks oftentimes feed of environmental changes. However this essential transformation, once triggered, does not actually make until managers notice this need and act upon it. at iodine time acting, managers seek to experiment, and this experimentation deeply impacts the industry as it helps shape what the new industry structure pull up stakes be. Consequently, as experiments fail, the identification number of firms in the industry generally is do in half, alone occasionally may increase.An industrys response to a new technology determines when and how the technological transformation allow occur. Without manage rial insight and determination making related to the technology, the current industry structure will persist. Managers are basically the ones investing in these new technologies and they adopt how and when to market them to the public, and thus have in finish the initial control over the transformation. If the industry as a whole does not respond favorably to the technology, they may not choose to invest and market it, thitherfore stunting its evolution.On the contrary, if they respond favorably, it helps hotfoot the evolution of the transformation. If the industry as a whole is indecisive meaning both(prenominal) favor some do not and some are on the fence, the transformation may save see moderate growth, and depending on which direction opinions are s fl cinched (for or against the technology), the transformation may be complete or the evolution may never meet its peak.One of the initiative innovations of technology was the mainframe system and it was during the 1960s th at computers and much(prenominal) started to impart in organizations and firms. The classic ship panache of hierarchal management systems started to disintegrate during these times. finished technological change, globalizing the operations of an international company could put up a woodlet where they can reduce their labor cost.not denying the fact that un the like people from diverse countries have different tastes, international companies could besides mortalalize their products according to the consumers or markets preferences without eliminating their amounts and trademark. Before, cultivation control was basically handled by those in managerial positions in a unidimensional manner according to rank. With these systems of technology, learning was handled as much(prenominal) that company transparency is comparatively existent for those who can approach film of certain development.The onslaught of developments in technology has triggered organizational structure alte rations. These changes can be illustrated by considering two key variables the location of information and the location of decision rights in the organization (Brynjolfsson E. and H. Mendelsson).With the innovative technological systems today, essential information can now peradventure be available to all employees or workers in an organization at all level. Before, information use and privilege was curb to the persons that directly handle them. Now, the responsibility of handling information is left to information technologists or technicians.The technicians then put entropy or information into data purses which are accessible to all components of the organization For example, an organization can have a website, regularly maintained and updated by professional information technologists. Here, employees, managers and customers alike, can log on to the website and access whatever information they involve. Furthermore, having websites is also a great reward since helpful feedba cks are easier to get from both customers and employees.The increment need for technology innovations paves way to strengthening certain industries in a corporate world like data management services, computer engineers, information technologists, parcel designers or engineers and so on and so forth. Although there are still organizations or companies that are hesitant to use information technology, a growing number of organizations are opening to the possibility of restructuring their organizations to accommodate the privileges of utilise the modern information systems of today. Seeing as technology innovation not besides saves time and money it is also high-octane and very flexible with respect to the organization that opts to infuse it in their existing structure. non only does it revolutionize an organization from within. by the substantially used World commodious Web, organizations can communicate and cooperate with other organizations in a faster, more cost-efficient an d cheaper way. Today, with the use of virtual offices, it is possible to reason deals and agreements from participating people around the world without physically meeting each other.Nowadays, as more organizations focus on the immenseness of information flow, organizational structures continue to change into more complex systems. As a result, there is also a never-ending drive to make more improvements and overture in the field of technological innovation.Nowadays, laptop and desktop have been swamped by new connectivity options. There are various of USB devices like Digital cameras, iPods, PDAs, FireWire, thumb drives and MP3 players with current technologies such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and infrared (IrDA). With all these growing popularity of mobile gadgetry facilitating flexible working, evidently employees could work on the move. Endpoint systems today are easily available. They are user loving and normally come with more than one feature.With all these conveniences, it also m eans that employees could be carrying around large amounts of sensitive information unaware of the potential risks. Not only can confidential data be lost, employees could also unwittingly introduce malware onto the communicate while uploading work from portable devices. However, together with this mobility in work, come various viruses which will bust your files as well as your gadgets.The influence of technology made a very big impact in the lives of people of todays contemporaries as well as whole changes the definitions of some of the worlds necessity, facilitate and luxury. Whether it is a thing or a hobby, the identification of these classes has been change as time goes by. A car which was once called a luxury has been changed overtime and has now fetch a necessity. Televisions which was once only owned by royal families and other self-aggrandizing people has now make out a household item of which it already has become a necessity for it is where people get ideas of wh at is happening around them.Even though cars and televisions made living mush more accessible than before, the public is change magnitudely relate about global warming and the banish environmental impacts of vehicles. (Clean Cars Alliance)Simple living as it is, our grandfathers grandfather would jump on on horses, plant trees and vegetables, raise cows, pigs and chicken, living under one roof with a family, sitting warm in straw man of the fireplace. These are the few comforts that men used to acquire. Back then, when a person owns a car, another home, have jewelries, it has been utter that the person had lived goldly. But today, when technologies have changed, some of the aside decades luxuries had become todays necessities such as cars, cellular phones, different gadgets. Not only material things are affected but also of a mans way of living.In, conclusion technology impacts should be seen as they rattling are and not covered up by the media or industry, and even if they are individuals should be educated enough to construct the positives and negatives. If a company wishes to pursue congruous the industry technological measurement, they must first be aware of the competitive strategies they can adopt to increase the probability of success. First, it is definitive to understand the need for a rigid installed base.The installed base is the amount of customers/users of a special(prenominal) piece of equipment or product that is infallible for the technology. Increasing the installed base for the technology is key, because a large installed base means there will most likely be a greater availability and far-flung use of compatible products/software/applications. If the installed base for your technology is large and there is a large availability of applications or widespread use of compatible products, then your technology is another step closer to graceful the standard.With that, your technology is more valuable to consumers since they can u se it in more places. A greater installed base, more available compatible products and providing greater value to the consumers leads to greater contain for the technology. As this continuous cycle keeps increasing the demand for your technology, it is well on its way to becoming the industry standard.A manager should ask several questions. First, it is important to know if a technology standard is needed or even desired in the industry. Second, it is important to perform market seek to learn what customers want or need, this will help make the technology the standard if it satisfies the customer. Third, it is important to understand the market as a whole paying particular to competitors.Pursuing a technology standard makes sense for a firm when there is no current standard and one is desired by the industry. In addition, for some companies, becoming the industry standard may be essential in maintaining their leaders position and ensuring their existence in the long run. There are different avenues that one can receive formal and free education dealing with technological literacy, but there is always room for improvement, much like with technology itself.Going back to the saying that the only thing in this world that is unvaried is change, we understand that change is inevitable. And just like the billiard balls, it is change which moves people to experiment and innovate, making the world more comfortable and luxurious, yet complicated. Change, constant as it is, has the power to move, improve and change lives. Where men once lives only with necessities, change have been able to make men of today experience luxuries and comforts by making it todays necessities. With this, the luxuries of the past has been a need of today, making the luxurious living from the past a more simple and yet more repugn living of todayREFERENCESBrynjolfsson E. and H. Mendelsson.Information Systems and the transcription of Modern Enterprise. Center for Coordination Science. June 1993. mammy Institute of Technology and The Center for Coordination Science. 19 December 2006 Clean Cars Alliance. 23 November 2006 http//www.cfenv.org/air/cars/index.htmOrganizational Structure.Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. 18 April 2006. Wikimedia Foundation Inc. 19 November 2006 .

Realism In International Affairs Essay

realness in politics is a policy-making philosophy, which tries to observe, shape and calculate semi governmental relations. It is based upon assumption that antecedent should be the primary goal of any political actuate, both in supranational or national welkin. As faraway as domestic personal business be concerned, this supposition e articulates that political figures are supposed to influence all efforts to maximizing their condition. Accordingly, in the transnational sphere nation should aim at maximizing its skill among an new(prenominal)(prenominal) dry lands.This theory buns be regarded as a prescription to be lineed by politicians and grounds or as a description of current personal matters of the call down or politician pursuing self-interest. Realism in politics is often outlined as a principle of power supremacy, and it has a grand history since the ancient magazines. It was reflected in Peloponnesian struggle by Thucydides. This theory was also touched by Machiavelli in his writing The Prince, as well as by former(a) outstanding philosophers like Spinoza, Hobbes and Rousseau.In the second half of the nineteenth century it had a rebirth and appeared in a new form, a social Darwinism. According to this theory, social or political growth is determined by a struggle, in which the strongest parties survive. According to the theory of political naturalism, interests should be satisfied by means of power exercise, and the mankind is defined by competing powers. In this context, the adherents of Marxist theory think of to classes, while former(a) political theorists to responsibilitys. (Ahrensdorf) Political realness is explained in the following wayPrior to the cut Revolution in which nationalism as a political doctrine truly entered the worlds stage, political world convoluted the political jurisdictions of vox populi dynasties, whilst in the nineteenth century, nationalist sentiments foc utilize realists charges on the development of the nation-state, a policy that was ulterior lengthened to include imperialist ambitions on the part of the major(ip) westbound powers-Britain and France, and even Belgium, Germany and the united States were influenced by imperialism. (Viotti, Kauppi). central difference amidst social darwinism and other branches political realism is as follows adherents of the former state that around nations are destined to notice over other nations, while other part of realists pays most economic aid to the need of ensuring that nation, culture or politician sets or secures get needs before needs or interests of others. Political realism in multinational affairs Political realism of an communicatory kind stands for the proffer that international commonwealth is distinguished by anarchy, since in that respect is no absolute world governing, that could rule with an general policy code.Since the anarchy does non need a chaotic nature, thus allowing member nations be involved into trading schemes or treaties, the theorists mostly agree that pietism or law are non the magisterial factors outside one bad-tempered state. In this peculiar(prenominal) characteristic this hypothesis agrees with the Hobbs theory Where in that respect is no common Power, on that point is no constabulary where no Law, no Injustice ? if there be no Power erected, or non neat enough for our security every man go away and may lawfully rely on his own strength and art, for caution against all other men. (Hobbes, Leviathan , kick downstairs I, Ch. 13 Of gentle beings, and Part II, Ch. 17, Of Commonwealth, cited in Griffiths, OCallaghan). Respectively, without any supreme international force, nations treat distributively other with hostility or fear, and it damages the system. rough other aspect of the theory is an assumption that a state can promote its interest against the needs and interests of other states, it proves that international surrounding is not stable. Any hallow is affected if states compete for the same need, and under such circumstances, as the realists state, the nation may rely on itself further.There are definite contradictions that can be found in the conceit of political realism descriptive realism may be regarded as a true theory or turned concept. Even if it is regarded as a true concept, it does not necessarily mean that morality should be include from the principles that rule international policy. One of the strong forms if descriptive type of political realism states that states should be self-seeking, that they should progress their policy basing upon hoped gains of the nation and should not trend their interests and demands.Simultaneously, if descriptive realism is held, it is as a unappealing theory, which means that it can refute all counter-factual diverseiate on its own cost (for example, evidence of a nation offering patronise to a neighbour as an ostensible act of altruism, is refuted by pointing to almost self-serving motive the giving nation presumably hasit would increase trade, it would gain an outcomeant ally, it would feel illegal if it didnt, and so on), then any attempt to tuck morality into international affairs would prove futile. (Stern) The opinion of expressive kind of political realism power depends upon the chance of understanding political reasons, which requests understanding the bring ins of state diplomats and construeatives. The pattern of officers relations, their motives and actions is complex. Waltz says that the closed nature of expressive realism includes a oppose scheme that nations does not serve any needs at all, or can serve the needs of others only.The logical grade of the three theories resulting from this concept offers that preferring one condition to another(prenominal) is an optional decision, if an assumption is accepted, or not. (Waltz) The present international sphere of nations interaction is defined by the inadequacy of supreme power. In the past, warfares were a strong furrow in support of political realism there have been more than 200 wars since the middle of the seventeenth century. This condition seems to have a chaotic nature, and most thinkers are likely to compare it to domestic anarchy, when state government is not able to rule the stateWithout a world power, war, difference of opinion, tension, and insecurity have been the first-string state of affairs just as a domestic government removes internal strife and punishes topical anaesthetic crime, so too ought a world government control the activities of individual states-overseeing the legality of their affairs and profound those nations that break the laws, and thereby calming the insecure nimbus nations find themselves in. (Kegley, Wittkopf) At the same time, such comparison leads to a conclusion that the relations in the midst of the state and the individuals are alike.Such argument includes the embodiment of the states and collectivization of individuals. Some theorists state that the relations between states and the citizens cannot be compared to the relations between the states and the relations of the individuals, and indeed should be divergently judged. In addition to the propositions of descriptive realism, there are notions offered by prescriptive political realism, for instance, the statement that a certain nation should follow its own interests and needs independently of the relevant state of international relations.This theory can be divided up into various aspects, depending upon proclaimed interest of the nation and the allowability of the tools that would be used to reach desired goals. As far as the national interest is concerned, there are distinct opinions of what it should be, but all of them agree that the state should be self-efficient in economical and political sphere, piercing dependency on other nations. (The Globalization of earth authorities an Introduction to world-wid e Relations) The statement keep the supremacy of self-sufficiency of the state has appeared long time ago.Plato and Aristotle referred to this aspect as a ground infallible to provide security of the national power, they insisted that nation should import only insignificant commodities. This economic theory has been used for supporting political realism, especially in the eighteenth century the theorists of political sphere stated that the political power of the nation is reached and supported in the terms of trim downd import and increased export only. disparity between neorealism and undefiled realismConflict is regarded as a key component part in politics, including international affairs, by all realists, however, there are two different sources of conflict, pointed out by different realist authors. For instance, neoclassical realism theory starts with a pessimistic bandstand on the kind-hearted nature. As the adherents of this theory believe, selfish, combative and st riving for power behavior in implicit in(p) for the humans. Hans Morgenthau states that each individual is enforced to act uncaringly to entertain himself, and this situation leads to the disagreementWhat the one wants for himself, the other al restore possesses or wants, too. Struggle and competition ensue. Man cannot therefore hope to be hot, but essential be content with not being too wrong. (Morgenthau) Niccolo Machiavelli shares this opinion how men live is so different from how they should live that a ruler who does not do what is generally done, but persists in doing what ought to be done, will undermine his power preferably than maintain it. (cited in The Globalization of earthly concern Politics an Introduction to International Relations).These ideas performed specific approach to a strategy use in international affairs a mensurable statesman essential avoid optimistic assimilate on others aims and intentions and limits their initiatives to those that may help if the situation goes transgress. For instance, atomic number 1 Kissinger warned the leaders of the ground forces and Israeli against the intentions of Syria and Palestine, during the negotiations on tenderness East conflict It is likely that agreements will be reached because the alternatives will, in the end, seem more dangerous.But when this happens, we must avoid euphoria. An agreement will represent a strategic interlude for the Syrians and most of the Palestinians, not a commitment to a new world order. (Legro, Moravcsik) In other words, classical type of realism regards conflict and competition as essential element of international affairs, referring the origin of conflict to the human nature. man struggle with each other for resources they need and sieve for power to rule over other people.This is a set pattern, which cannot be changed. Due to these expectations of human behavior, the adherents of classical realism theory often insist on the necessity to organize humans into conclaves, which would serve for better protection of their members and concentrate on improving groups position in comparison to other groups. Another theory, neorealism or structural realism, refers the origin of conflict to interstate condition, the lack of legally restricting rules in particular, rather than to human nature.The adherents of neorealism state, that the absence of a nonsubjective office staff that can enforce rules and agreements creates an insecure, self-help situation in which all policy makers are pressured to act competitively, careless(predicate) of their individual natures or personal preferences. (Kegley, Wittkopf) This statement is not new, it appeared in the 17th century in the take of Thomas Hobbes. In his writing Leviathan he states that the in the world, which lacks supreme power that could provide security, people has a right to use any tools to protect themselves.Besides, he assumed that all mankind has a perpetual and wide awake desire of power after power that ceases only in death. (cited in The Globalization of being Politics an Introduction to International Relations) Modern tradition in neorealist theory declines the assumption that individuals strive for power referable to a natural inclination, and concentrates on the motives produced by a lack of a neutral power that can set rules for interstate relations.For instance, Kenneth Waltz says that the main cause of war must lie in some system at the level of the interstate system, rather than within particular leaders or states, since war has been waged for all sorts of specific reasons and by good as well as bad leaders. (Waltz) According to Waltz, this regularity is the pressure, produced by anarchy Without enforceable interstate rules, states must either resist realizable domination by others through a policy of balancing against others power capabilities, or by bandwagoning-joining a coalition that supports an aggressive state, in hopes of turning its aggression elsewhere.(Waltz) Waltz states that declamatory states possess the capacity and desire to withstand the strength of other states. This results, as he sees it, in a tendency of competitiveness among states independently of the views of their leaders concerning domestic policy. Actually, the prediction of this statement is not a good deal different from the assumption made by the adherents of classical realism. As soon as it is based on the assumptions concerning human nature, classic realists expect that the makers of policy also act competitively. The difference lies in the way this conclusion is reached.As Waltz sees it, this is the pressure of competitiveness, produced by anarchy, which significantly influences the human behavior. Those strategies that are oriented on power, appear because the leaders are forced to struggle for security, rather than because they desire just to obtain power. realistic approach in modern international affairs Realism was a concept for analyzing world politics since remote times, because much of humankind history was characterized by wars. As soon as the states interests come across in conflict, it is expect that leaders pay much attention to their positions in power.The classical realist worldview appealed to many statesmen during the period that states were evolving in Western Europe-an era rife with conflict, as medieval forms of rule broke down and rulers asserted new claims to authority against feudal lords or the Pope. It jumped to the United States when the experiences of World struggle II were followed by the onset of the nipping War. Neorealism later emerged when the bipolarity of the Cold War drew analysts attention to the cause of the structure of the interstate system. (Lieven, Hulsman).At present, honorable realism is offered to the USA as a lead-in principle that should define the foreign policy of this state. As it is described by the supporters of this type of realism, it bases upon prudence a concentration on possible results rather than good intentions a close study of the nature, views and interests of other states, and a willingness to accommodate them when these do not contradict the Statess own truly vital interests and a mixture of profound the Statesn patriotism with an equally profound awareness of the limits on both American power and on American goodness (Lieven, Hulsman).The concept of the Great Capitalist Peace is also derived from the theory of ethical realism concept. It is based upon the ideas of Kennan and Morgenthau, including the concepts of diplomacy purposes and international order. It proclaims that a global order is needed to be agreed by the largest states, to provide the promotion of their interests and reduce the threat of terrorists. Accordingly, the USA power is treated as an element, vital for keeping the Great Capitalist Peace.At the same time, it is added that the limits should be put on the US power, in order to legitimate interests and n eeds of other states should be satisfied. Instead of promoting unrestrained power, the USA should support the linking of the most significant states in every particular region. For instance, in the Middle East region the USA should use its power and resources to support creation of a regional patter for the states, including Syria and Iran, and to make this pattern working(a) enough to regulate Iraq conflict after climb-down of the US troops from this country.(Lieven, Hulsman) As far as the Far East is concerned, the USA should paid attention to the primary role, which should be played by mainland China in this region, but not by the United States. China is treated as a state, ready to act in cooperation with other states and act responsibly, thats why USA should allow China to engross a leading position in finding resolutions to the actions of the regime in the North Korea, and other possible challenges in this region. (Lieven, Hulsman) Sources Waltz, K. N. Structural Realism a fter the Cold War.International Security. summer. 2000 Morgenthau, H. J. Politics Among Nations the Struggle for Power and Peace. McGraw pile NY, 1993. Stern, G. The Structure of International Society. London Pinter Publishers, 2000. The Globalization of World Politics an Introduction to International Relations. edited by Baylis, J. and S. Smith. Oxford University Press, 2004 Griffiths, M. , OCallaghan, T. International Relations The Key Concepts. London, Routledge, 2002 Kegley, C. Wittkopf, E. World Politics. Thomson/Wadsworth, 2005. Viotti, P. R.Kauppi, M. V. International Relations Theory Realism, Pluralism, Globalism. Macmillan Pub Co, 1993. Legro, J. W. Moravcsik, A. Is Anybody unperturbed a Realist? International Security. Fall 1999 Jervis, R. Realism, Neoliberalism, and Cooperation.. International Security. Summer 1999 Ahrensdorf, P. J. Thucydides realistic critique of realism. Polity Winter 1997 Lieven, A. Hulsman, J. Americas World Role Has to be Realistic and Moral. Oct ober 17, 2006, retrieved at http//www. realisticforeignpolicy. org/archives/2006/10/americas_world. php.

A Look at Gulliver’s Travels

The chef-doeuvre of fantasise with memor competent to(p) petty mountain, fi turn back mint, flight of stairs islands, and talk of the town horses, Jonathan active lay downs a brisk pop genre of pictorial brisk which is to exhibit pat enlarge as if they were liter all in ally authentic through and through the tidings Gullivers Travels. sprightly number bingle publish the arrest in crown of the United Kingdom with the title Travels into some(prenominal) hostile Nations of the introduction with the in any case known as Lemuel Gulliver. except a a few(prenominal) k saucy that the current designer was Dr. swift, the sublime doyen of the Angli layabout St. Patricks cathedral in Dublin. some muckle including, Samuel Johnson, remember the apologue as a as a product so new and queer that it change the ref with a ming conduct feeling of passfulness and amazement. Swift arises emotions by canvas and separate the perform service and disti nguish in the islands of Lilli countersink and Brobdingnag. petty(a)s, the down in the mouth quite a little, atomic number 18 apply to toy pricyly assign discover as and sacred minimization. They had a set and telegraphic brass oftentimes represent life-time as change and complex.The inhabitants of Lilliput do non name their children exclusively sooner propel them to removed(p) take aims near the capital metropolis where the children argon raised(a) by teachers and former(a) members of the school arranging. P arnts can move with their children scarce in cardinal ways a stratum creating a hindrance amidst the human relationship betwixt the two generations. However, children of the hapless ar satisfactory to stick out at blank space and constituent the workload with their parents. The endureup among the recondite and the forgetful clear depicts the presidential terms view on family and how it should be run.The presidency system of Li lliput attempts to limn razing and equal opportunities, but, in place setting of call and actions one is up to(p)-bodied to hear the separating factors of kinfolk dissolution and distinction. The motive is in the main held in the pass of the emperor who is able to polity decrees and create laws, although the praise of the tribe and presidency officials is also needed. An modelling would be when the emperors set about create an edict, magisterial all his subjects, upon capital penalties, to break the littler end of their eggs. (40)The establishment of the Lilliputians is in pose realize of the people. They are able to charter decisions and regarding any human face and spirit of the Lilliputians- both(prenominal) socially and organisationally magic spell the perform caprioles no persona at all. The point of a spiritual scheme or connection is never mentioned in the unfermented and the reference is led to espouse that their was no study qua lity if their was a church. The posit plays a rule political sympathies agency in the lives of the Lilliputians devising it onerous to let any otherwise initiation observe in the way, including a sacred one. change a religious or church standstill would put the Lilliputian government at a disadvantage, let the people give up an alternating(a) congressman to learn too. In the island of the Borabdingnagians there is a prevalent fiber of the church and a sincere and wide-cut billet of the government, a argumentation to the Lilliputians. The people of Borabdingnag swear out Sabbath on Wednesdays displaying their dedication and cultism to the church. The compliments and province of the people to picture Sabbath enable the interview to catch the major(ip) determination of the church in the lives of the citizens.Their religious expression and beliefs framing their morals and in encumbrance play a major single-valued function in all(prenominal) locution of their lives. conflicting the citizens of Lilliput the church is the distinguished institution in which the political government is in conformity with. The government is depict as universe straightforward and huge a collaborationism of peg principles and before long views (135) . The restraint of the government enables the church service to play a much preponderant utilization and wreak the lives of the Borabdingnagians.